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Molality Calculator

Calculate molality from solute and solvent masses, or convert between molality and molarity using the solution density.

About this tool

Find the molality of a solution — moles of solute per kilogram of solvent — from masses, or convert between molality and molarity using the solution density. All math runs in your browser with nothing uploaded.

From masses the molality is b = (mass of solute / molar mass) / (mass of solvent / 1000), where masses are in grams. To interconvert with molarity, the tool uses b = M / (ρ − M × Mr / 1000) to go from molarity to molality, and M = b × ρ / (1 + b × Mr / 1000) for the reverse, where ρ is the solution density in g/mL (equal to kg/L) and Mr is the molar mass in g/mol.

Molality is preferred for colligative properties such as freezing-point depression and boiling-point elevation because it depends on mass and does not change with temperature, unlike molarity which uses volume. Choose the mode, enter your values, and the molality, moles of solute and molarity are shown.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between molality and molarity?
Molality is moles of solute per kilogram of solvent (mol/kg), while molarity is moles per litre of solution (mol/L). Molality is independent of temperature because it uses mass rather than volume.
How do I convert molarity to molality?
With the solution density ρ in g/mL and molar mass Mr, the tool uses b = M / (ρ − M × Mr / 1000). The reverse conversion is M = b × ρ / (1 + b × Mr / 1000).
Why is molality used for colligative properties?
Freezing-point depression and boiling-point elevation depend on the ratio of solute to solvent mass, which molality captures directly. Because it does not use volume, it stays constant as temperature changes.
Where does the calculation happen?
Entirely in your browser. There is no server call, so the masses, molar mass and density you enter never leave your device.

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