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BTU ⇄ Tons of Cooling Converter

Convert cooling capacity between BTU/hr, tons of refrigeration and kilowatts using the 12,000 BTU/ton HVAC standard, with a handy equivalents table.

Enter any one value and its unit to see BTU/hr, tons and kW at once.

About this tool

The BTU ⇄ Tons of Cooling Converter is a free, in-browser HVAC tool that converts a cooling capacity between the three units the trade uses: BTU per hour, tons of refrigeration, and kilowatts. It rests on the exact HVAC definition that one ton of refrigeration equals 12,000 BTU/hr — historically the heat absorbed by melting one short ton of ice over 24 hours — so tons = BTU/hr ÷ 12,000 and BTU/hr = tons × 12,000.

Everything is computed locally in your browser, so nothing you enter is sent to a server. Enter any one value and pick its unit, and the tool instantly reports all three equivalents. The kilowatt conversion uses 1 kW = 3,412.142 BTU/hr, which also gives the convenient relation of about 3.517 kW per ton of cooling (12,000 ÷ 3,412.142).

Below the result a reference table lists the common residential and light-commercial sizes — 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 and 5 tons — with their BTU/hr and kW equivalents, so you can match a nameplate rating to a tonnage at a glance. This is a pure unit conversion distinct from a heating-load estimate: it tells you how a stated capacity translates between units, not what size system a building needs.

Frequently asked questions

How many BTU are in a ton of cooling?
Exactly 12,000 BTU/hr. One ton of refrigeration is defined as the rate of heat removal that would melt one short ton (2,000 lb) of ice in 24 hours. So a 3-ton system is rated at 36,000 BTU/hr.
How do I convert BTU/hr to kilowatts?
Divide BTU/hr by 3,412.142, since 1 kW = 3,412.142 BTU/hr. For example 12,000 BTU/hr ÷ 3,412.142 ≈ 3.517 kW, which is why one ton of cooling is about 3.52 kW.
What is 2.5 tons in BTU?
2.5 × 12,000 = 30,000 BTU/hr, which is about 8.79 kW. The equivalents table lists this and the other common sizes so you can convert without doing the math yourself.
Is a ton of cooling the same as a ton of weight?
No. In HVAC a 'ton' is a rate of heat transfer (12,000 BTU/hr), not a mass. The name comes from the cooling effect of melting a ton of ice, but the unit measures cooling power, not how heavy the equipment is.

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