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Superheat & Subcooling Refrigerant Charge Calculator

Calculate actual superheat and subcooling from line temps and pressures for R-410A, R-22, R-32, or R-134a, and compare to targets to check the refrigerant charge.

Enter line pressures and temperatures. Subcooling checks TXV charge; superheat checks fixed-orifice charge.

About this tool

The Superheat & Subcooling Calculator is a free, in-browser HVAC tool that converts measured line temperatures and gauge pressures into the actual superheat and subcooling of a running system and compares them to targets to judge the refrigerant charge. It uses built-in pressure-temperature (P-T) tables for R-410A, R-22, R-32, and R-134a: the low-side (suction) pressure gives the evaporator saturation temperature, and the high-side (liquid) pressure gives the condenser saturation temperature.

Everything is computed locally in your browser and nothing you enter is transmitted. Actual superheat is the suction line temperature minus the suction saturation temperature — the degrees the vapour has been heated past boiling, protecting the compressor from liquid. Actual subcooling is the liquid saturation temperature minus the liquid line temperature — the degrees the liquid has been cooled below condensing, confirming a full column of liquid to the metering device. For a TXV or EEV system, subcooling is the primary charge indicator, with a manufacturer default of about 8–12°F; for a fixed-orifice (piston) system, superheat is primary, and the target is estimated from the standard charging-chart formula (3 × indoor wet-bulb − 80 − outdoor dry-bulb) ÷ 2, clamped to at least 5°F.

The verdict follows the classic rules: low superheat or high subcooling indicates an overcharge (or restricted airflow), while high superheat or low subcooling indicates an undercharge or a liquid-line restriction. This is an informational technician's aid, not a substitute for the equipment manufacturer's charging instructions — always confirm the target values and conditions on the unit's data plate or charging chart before adjusting charge.

Frequently asked questions

How are superheat and subcooling calculated?
Superheat = suction line temp − saturation temp at the suction (low-side) pressure. Subcooling = saturation temp at the liquid (high-side) pressure − liquid line temp. The tool looks up saturation temperatures from built-in P-T tables for each refrigerant.
What are good superheat and subcooling targets?
For a TXV/EEV system, subcooling is primary at roughly 8–12°F (use the nameplate value). For a fixed-orifice system, superheat is primary; the target comes from (3 × indoor wet-bulb − 80 − outdoor dry-bulb) ÷ 2, never below 5°F.
How do I know if the system is over- or undercharged?
Low superheat or high subcooling points to an overcharge (or low airflow). High superheat or low subcooling points to an undercharge or a liquid-line restriction. Confirm airflow first, then adjust charge to the manufacturer's target.
Which refrigerants are supported?
R-410A, R-22, R-32, and R-134a, each with its own pressure-temperature table. Because R-410A and R-32 run at much higher pressures than R-22 or R-134a, selecting the correct refrigerant is essential for a correct saturation temperature.

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