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Refractometer Final Gravity Correction

Correct a refractometer reading taken during or after fermentation, where alcohol skews the Brix scale, into a true final gravity, OG, and ABV.

Enter the original (pre-fermentation) Brix, the current/final Brix, and your wort correction factor.

About this tool

The Refractometer Final Gravity Correction calculator turns a refractometer reading taken during or after fermentation into a true specific gravity. Refractometers measure Brix by light refraction, but ethanol bends light differently from sugar, so once fermentation starts a raw refractometer reading overstates the remaining gravity. This tool removes that ethanol error using the widely used Sean Terrill correction, giving you a usable final gravity without needing a hydrometer sample. It runs entirely in your browser.

The method first applies a wort correction factor (WCF, default 1.04) to both readings: RI_i = OB / WCF for the original Brix and RI_f = FB / WCF for the current/final Brix. The Terrill cubic model then estimates true FG as 1.0000 − 0.0044993·RI_i + 0.0117741·RI_f + 0.000275806·RI_i² − 0.00127169·RI_f² − 0.00000727999·RI_i³ + 0.0000632929·RI_f³, and a linear variant is shown for comparison. Original gravity comes from RI_i via the Brix-to-SG relation, and ABV uses the common formula ABV = (76.08·(OG − FG)/(1.775 − OG))·(FG/0.794). Apparent attenuation is (OG − FG)/(OG − 1) × 100.

As a worked example, an original 12 °Bx that reads 6 °Bx at the end (WCF 1.04) corrects to an OG near 1.046 and a true FG around 1.011 by the cubic model, giving roughly 4.7% ABV. Set the WCF by calibrating your own refractometer against a hydrometer on a fresh wort (values of 1.02–1.06 are typical). The cubic model tends to read slightly high on very attenuated beers, which is why the linear estimate is provided alongside it.

Frequently asked questions

Why can't I just read final gravity off a refractometer?
Alcohol refracts light differently from sugar, so once fermentation produces ethanol the raw Brix reading is skewed high. A correction model that uses both the original and final Brix is needed to back out the alcohol effect and estimate the true gravity.
What is the wort correction factor (WCF)?
It is a per-instrument fudge factor (default 1.04) that aligns your refractometer's Brix with a hydrometer on unfermented wort. Divide both readings by the WCF before the correction. Calibrate it by comparing the two instruments on a known sample; 1.02–1.06 is typical.
Which correction formula does this use?
The Sean Terrill cubic model: FG = 1.0000 − 0.0044993·RI_i + 0.0117741·RI_f + 0.000275806·RI_i² − 0.00127169·RI_f² − 0.00000727999·RI_i³ + 0.0000632929·RI_f³, with RI_i and RI_f the WCF-adjusted original and final Brix. A linear variant is shown too.
How accurate is the corrected final gravity?
It is a good estimate, usually within a few gravity points of a hydrometer when the WCF is calibrated. The cubic model can read slightly high on strongly attenuated beers, so for a critical measurement confirm with a hydrometer; use the linear estimate as a cross-check.

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